submitted by Site Administrator on 02.06.2003
Many thanks to Peter Vanges and the Kytherian Association of Australia for their kind permission to reproduce this excerpt from Kythera, a History (1993), which is still available from the Association. For the contact information, please see the Associations section under "Culture". 3,000 B.C. Evidence of organised life on the island with trade connections with Crete. 2,000 B.C. Cretan civilisation at its peak. City of Skandia built and flourishing. Island is known by the name Porphyrousa; the capital city under construction. 1,400 B.C. Volcanic eruption of Santorini. Knossos falls and Cretan civilisation disappears. Skandia and settlements of the island destroyed. 1,300 B.C. Phoenicians establish trading posts on the island. Worship of Aphrodite introduced to the island that is known by the name Kythera. 1,900 B.C. Trojan War begins. Mention of the Kytherians. Lykophron and Amphidamas. 1,150 B.C. Dorians occupy Kythera. The city of Kythera built. 800 B.C. Greek colonisation of Mediterranean regions. 600 B.C. Kythera under Spartan rule. 456 B.C. Kythera taken by the Athenians. 439 B.C. Philoxenos, the Kytherian, was born. 421 B.C. Kythera returned to Sparta. 393 B.C. Kythera taken by Athenians. 378 B.C. Kythera retaken by Spartans. 344 B.C. Alexander chosen supreme General of Greek Armies for the invasion of Asia. 323 B.C. The death of Alexander the Great. 300 B.C. Rise of the Roman Empire. The island under Spartan rule. 100 B.C. Pirate attacks against Kythera. A.D. 267 Pirate attacks continue. A.D. 375 Elesa arrived on Kythera and was beheaded, A.D. 500 Mention of a Christian diocese on Kythera. A.D. 662 Kythera under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of Rome. A.D. 655 Pirates control seas off Kythera. A.D. 800 Powerful earthquake and tidal wave damaged Kythera. A.D 291 Theodoros arrived on Kythera. Pirate attacks continue. 1100 The beginning of the Crusades. The Eudaemonogiannis ruled Kythera from Sparta. The holy icon of Myrtidiotissa found. 1200 The city of St Dimitrios - Paliohora - was built. The citadel of Potamos built. 1207 Marco Venieri was appointed Marquis of Cerigo. Kythera becomes known as Cerigo. 1300 The construction of the fortress of Hora. 1363 Cretans revolt against Venetians. Venetians assume direct rule on Kythera. 1453 The fall of Constantinople. 1537 The destruction of Paliohora. 1560 The construction of the fortress of Mylopotamos. 1571-72-79 Continuous Turkish attacks on Kythera. 1715 Kythera occupied by Turks. 1776 Migration to Asia Minor (Smyrna) begins. 1780 The Kytherian peasants revolt. 1797 The French liberate Kythera. 1798 Turkish and Russian forces occupy Kythera. 1799 Anarchy and disobedience rule the island. 1800 The Russians depart. 1803 The constitution of the Democracy of the Ionian islands was passed. 1808 The French return. 1809 The British take possession of Kythera. 1817 New constitution is introduced. 1821 The proclamation of the Hellenic revolt against the four hundred years of Turkish occupation. Construction of many roads on the island begins. 1824 The historian loannis Mikelis writes the History of the island of Cerigo while in exile there. 1840 Kytherians declare desire to unite with Greece. 1863 The Ionian parliament votes on union with Greece. 1864 British forces depart from Kythera. King George I visits Kythera. 1902 Efthimios Kavathas appointed as Bishop. 1905 National Bank of Greece opens branch at Hora. 1917 Kythera is declared an independent state. 1922 The Kytherian Brotherhood of Australia formed in New South Wales, Australia. 1926 Foundation stone of the high school of Kythera is laid at Hora. 1928 Anglo-American Bank opens sub-branch at Potamos. 1930 Electricity generator at Potamos. 1933 The foundation stone of wharf of Agia Pelagia is laid. 1936 Electrification of Hora. 1939 World War II erupts. 1941 Kythera under German occupation. 1944 The Germans depart. E.A.M.-E.L.A.S in control. The formation of the Kytherian Association of Queensland, Australia. 1944 British land at Kapsali and Avlemona. 1945 The Australian government encourages immigration. By 1990 only 3,000 Kytherians live on the island. 1985 The formation of the Kytherian Brotherhood of Canberra, Australia. Many thanks to Peter Vanges and the Kytherian Association of Australia for their kind permission to reproduce this excerpt from Kythera, a History, which is still available from the Association. For the contact information, please see the Associations section under "Culture".
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